Wind Turbine

The wind turbine distributed generation object is implemented by class windturb_dg in the generators module.

The implementation supports two operating modes:

  1. POWER_CURVE: output is computed from wind speed using a power curve (default mode).
  2. COEFF_OF_PERFORMANCE: legacy aerodynamic and generator-parameter model.

Power Curve Implementation

The power curve implementation models turbine output directly from wind-speed-to-power data instead of explicitly modeling internal aerodynamic and machine dynamics. At each timestep, wind speed is adjusted to hub height and then mapped to electrical output using linear interpolation between power-curve points. The model can use either a built-in default curve or a user-provided CSV curve (power_curve_csv), and user data may be interpreted as per-unit or absolute power using power_curve_pu.

This approach is intended for cases where manufacturer curve data is available and a simpler input/output representation is preferred. In POWER_CURVE mode, triplex parent support is available; in COEFF_OF_PERFORMANCE mode, triplex parent connection is rejected.

Coefficient of Performance Based Implementation

The coefficient of performance-based implementation was the original wind turbine implementation. It includes an explicit model of the wind turbine and the electrical machine/generator parameters. The implementation contains highly granular models of the synchronous and induction generators with their respective impedances. It uses the wind turbine coefficient of performance data to generate the output for a given wind speed input. The coefficient of performance is defined as the ratio of the power captured by the rotor of the wind turbine divided by the total power available in the wind just before it interacts with the turbine.

Status

This model remains in the experimental level of development

Published Properties

Note that if a field exists in the C++ class but is not published, it is not user-configurable from GLM.

Table 1: Windturb_DG Parameters
Property Name Type Unit Description Default
Gen_status enumeration N/A Online/offline state. Values: OFFLINE, ONLINE ONLINE
Gen_type enumeration N/A Generator type. Values: INDUCTION, SYNCHRONOUS Model-dependent
Gen_mode enumeration N/A Generator control mode. Values: CONSTANTE, CONSTANTP, CONSTANTPQ CONSTANTP
Turbine_Model enumeration N/A Generic/manufacturer model selector. Includes GENERIC_* and named turbine options GENERIC_DEFAULT
Turbine_implementation enumeration N/A Implementation mode. Values: POWER_CURVE, COEFF_OF_PERFORMANCE POWER_CURVE
Wind_speed_source enumeration N/A Wind speed source. Values: DEFAULT, BUILT_IN, WIND_SPEED, CLIMATE_DATA DEFAULT
turbine_height double m Hub height above ground Inferred or defaulted by model logic
roughness_length_factor double N/A Terrain roughness correction factor 0.055
blade_diam double m Blade diameter Model-dependent
cut_in_ws double m/s Cut-in wind speed Model-dependent
cut_out_ws double m/s Cut-out wind speed Model-dependent
ws_rated double m/s Rated wind speed Model-dependent
ws_maxcp double m/s Wind speed at max Cp Model-dependent
Cp_max double pu Maximum coefficient of performance Model-dependent
Cp_rated double pu Rated coefficient of performance Model-dependent
Cp double pu Current coefficient of performance Computed
Rated_VA double VA Rated generator apparent power Inferred or model default
Rated_V double V Rated generator voltage Model-dependent
Pconv double W Converted electrical power from mechanical input Computed
GenElecEff double % Electrical conversion efficiency Computed
TotalRealPow double W Total real power output Computed
TotalReacPow double VA Total reactive power output Computed
power_A complex VA Complex power output phase A Computed
power_B complex VA Complex power output phase B Computed
power_C complex VA Complex power output phase C Computed
power_12 complex VA Triplex complex power output line 1-2 Computed
WSadj double m/s Wind speed adjusted to hub height Computed
Wind_Speed double m/s Wind speed value used by the model Computed/input-dependent
air_density double kg/m^3 Calculated/used air density Computed
wind_speed_hub_ht double m/s User wind speed at hub height input 10
R_stator double pu*Ohm Induction generator stator resistance Model-dependent
X_stator double pu*Ohm Induction generator stator reactance Model-dependent
R_rotor double pu*Ohm Induction generator rotor resistance Model-dependent
X_rotor double pu*Ohm Induction generator rotor reactance Model-dependent
R_core double pu*Ohm Induction generator core resistance Model-dependent
X_magnetic double pu*Ohm Induction generator magnetizing reactance Model-dependent
Max_Vrotor double pu*V Maximum induced rotor voltage 1.2
Min_Vrotor double pu*V Minimum induced rotor voltage 0.8
Rs double pu*Ohm Synchronous generator stator resistance Model-dependent
Xs double pu*Ohm Synchronous generator stator reactance Model-dependent
Rg double pu*Ohm Synchronous generator grounding resistance Model-dependent
Xg double pu*Ohm Synchronous generator grounding reactance Model-dependent
Max_Ef double pu*V Maximum induced field voltage 1.2
Min_Ef double pu*V Minimum induced field voltage 0.8
pf double pu Power factor target in CONSTANTP mode Model-dependent
power_curve_csv char1024 N/A CSV file path for user-defined power curve empty string
power_curve_pu bool N/A true when user CSV power values are per-unit false
voltage_A complex V Terminal voltage phase A (hidden) Computed
voltage_B complex V Terminal voltage phase B (hidden) Computed
voltage_C complex V Terminal voltage phase C (hidden) Computed
voltage_12 complex V Triplex L1-L2 voltage (hidden) Computed
voltage_1N complex V Triplex L1-N voltage (hidden) Computed
voltage_2N complex V Triplex L2-N voltage (hidden) Computed
current_A complex A Terminal current phase A Computed
current_B complex A Terminal current phase B Computed
current_C complex A Terminal current phase C Computed
current_12 complex A Triplex line current 1-2 Computed
EfA complex V Synchronous induced voltage phase A Computed
EfB complex V Synchronous induced voltage phase B Computed
EfC complex V Synchronous induced voltage phase C Computed
Vrotor_A complex V Induction rotor voltage phase A (per-unit quantity represented as complex) Computed
Vrotor_B complex V Induction rotor voltage phase B (per-unit quantity represented as complex) Computed
Vrotor_C complex V Induction rotor voltage phase C (per-unit quantity represented as complex) Computed
Irotor_A complex V Induction rotor current phase A (per-unit quantity represented as complex) Computed
Irotor_B complex V Induction rotor current phase B (per-unit quantity represented as complex) Computed
Irotor_C complex V Induction rotor current phase C (per-unit quantity represented as complex) Computed
internal_model_current_convergence double pu Internal convergence threshold (hidden) 0.005
phases set N/A Connection phases. Keywords: A, B, C, N, S Required by connection

Property Aliases

The following alternate names are also published and map to the same internal variables:

  • blade_diameter -> blade_diam
  • P_converted -> Pconv
  • generator_efficiency -> GenElecEff
  • total_real_power -> TotalRealPow
  • total_reactive_power -> TotalReacPow
  • wind_speed_adjusted -> WSadj
  • wind_speed -> Wind_Speed
  • power_factor -> pf

Example

module generators;

object windturb_dg {
    parent my_meter1;
    phases ABCN;
    name windturb1;
    Turbine_implementation POWER_CURVE;
    Turbine_Model GEN_TURB_POW_CURVE_1_5MW;
    Wind_speed_source CLIMATE_DATA;
}
  • Generators module
  • Climate object
  • Inverter and meter parent interfaces